Roll-holder for photographic cameras.



W. A. PETERS.

ROLL HOLDER r03 PHOTOYGRAPHIO CAMERAS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 12, 1907.

Patented July 2, 1912.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

W1 'lywixszis A rma/v5 VS W. A. PETERS.

ROLL HOLDER FOR PHOTOGRAPHIG GAMERAS.

A PPLIIGATION FILED MAR. 12, 1907. Patented 2,

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

7 77 79. V g, a? PV/T/VILSISES: @975 [NV/i/VTOR f I r W I ATTORNEYS W.A. PETERS. ROLL HOLDER FOR PHOTOGBAPHIQ CAMERAS.

I APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 12, 1907. 1,031,023. Patented m 2, 1912.

4 BHBET8SHBET 3.

W. A. PETERS. ROLL HOLDER FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS.

APPLICATION FILED MAB..12, 1907.

Patented July 2, 1912.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

maenfoz Mm. 0;, 60cm 0 a; TM

STATES 'PATnnT omca wiL IAM A. reruns, or JOHNSTOWN, PENNSYLVANIA.

i ROLL-HOLDER FOR .PHQTTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS.

Specification of iLetters Patent.

Patented July 2, 1912.

Application filed March 12, 1997. Serial No. 361,969.-

' To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, WILLIAM A. PETERS, acitizen of the United States, residing at Johnstown' in the county ofCambria and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefulRoll-Holder for Photographic Cameras, of'which the following is aspecification. j

This invention relates to photography and 10 has reference toimprovements in roll holders for photographic cameras, and its object isto provide a means whereby the movements necessary'to bring thesensitive film into position to be exposed to the image'produ'c'edbythecamera lens shall be reduced to a minimum, and. whereby the movements I3 necessary to wind the exposed portions ofthe film upon the'receivingspool are likewise reduced to a minimum.

The invention likewise has as an object the provision ofmeans whereby aless area of film than that representing'the maximum capacity of thecamera may be exposed without-any waste of the film', so that the fullnumber of-exposures for which the film is arranged may be madese'm'iztz'm or a larger number of exposures of smaller size, or' of thelarger and smaller sizes interspersed as desired,- maybe made onthe'same length of film without any waste of the film.

- y The invention comprehends the use oftwo I spool holders such as areusually provided for cameras using roll films, one of the spool holdersreceiving the original spool carrying the unexposed roll of film and theother spool holder receiving the empty spool upon which the film iswound as exposed. zjThe spool holder carrying the empty spool with theforward edge of the unexposed film 40 or black papenprotector thereforis movable across the focal plane of the lens in such manner as to drawthe unexposed film from off the full spool and hold'it ina stretched ortaut condition in the focal plane of the camera'lens, so that'theexposure may be made in the usual manner. Then as the receiving spool isagain moved to its-initial position it is caused-to rotate andautomatically. wind up the exposed portion of the film on itself, whilethe, spool carrying the unexposed film is held against'rotation.

The inventlon comprises a, number of other features which will appearfrom the following detailed description and which are illustrated inftheaccompanyingwdrawlngs forming a part' of this specification; wherein,-.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a roll holder constructed in accordancewith and illustrating one embodiment of my invention; with certain partsremoved, forming a part of a camera; Fig. 2 is a vertical section nearthe end of the roll holder opposite to that 'shown:

-in Fig. 1' but with the camera body omitted; 'Fig. 3 is a verticalsection taken "about vcentr'ally through the roll holder; Fig'. are a.cross sect-ion through the bodyof the roll holder, taken at a pointabove the spool 'cai riers and looking down thereon, certain parts beingbroken away; Fig. 5 is a vertical section through one end of the upperspool carrier; Figs. 6 and 7 are perspective views of details of theconstruction and Fig. 8 is ,a rear elevation of the roll holdermechafnism showing a portion of the film stretched between the carriersin the focal plane of the camera ready forex'posure, the view he'- jingtaken in section" sub'stantially' in the plane of the inner face' of therear wall of the casing. i 1 Referring to the drawings, th re is's'hown;a rectangular case 1 which may e generally designated as the rollholder case. In the structure shown in Fig. 1 this case also constitutesa camera body and is provided-with a hinged falling front 2 arranged tobe supported in a position perpendicular to thefolding cameras. Thisfalling front 2 hasthe usual track 4 upon which may be carried the usualfront board 5 of an ordinary fold ing camera; The front board isprovided with a lens 6, of which the mounting only is .shown inthedrawings, and between the front board 5 and the body I 'of'therollholder is the usual extensible and collapsible light-excludingbellows 7; Y The casing extends below the junction 0 the front board 2therewith for a distance sufiicient to contain centairr mechanism tobehereinafter described, and at-the rear of the casing is'located' theusual focusing groundglass screen 8 mounted as usual in a rec- Itangular frame 9 which may be seated'beof the film-carrying spools.

tween the sides of the casing and against shoulders 1011 formed therein,the shoulder 11 being, if desired, formed by a metal plate, the functionof which will hereinafter appear. The focusing screen 8 with its frameis held to" its seat in the back of the roll holder frame by springs-12contained in ockets 13 in the side walls of the casing, as indicated indotted lines in Figs. 1 and 2, so that the frame 9 will yield on theintroduction of an ordinary camera plate holder, indicated by dottedlines at 14 in Fig. 2. Thus this roll holder is adapted for the use ofplates as well as films,

Normally located in the portion of the roll holder casing which projectsbelow the drop-front 2 are two frames for the support The lower frameconsists in the present instance of a top plate 15 and a side plate'16at right angles thereto and preferably formed in one piece therewith andthis frame also has one end plate or wall 17, the other end beinguncovered. The edge of the wall 15 toward 3 the rear of the casing 1isformed into an upturned flange 18 and just below this flan e andseparated from the lower face of he top plate 15 is alongitudinallyextending rod 19 fast at. one end in the wall 17 and at'theother end in a bracket 20 depending from the corresponding end ofthe top plate 15. Journaled in the end wall 17 and extendinglongitudinally through the casing formed by the walls 15 and 16 is ashaft 21 such as is usually providedfor the reception of a spoolcarrying a roll of sensitive photographic film, and this shaft is.

provided just inside the wall 17 with the usual head from which projectpins 22, indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 3. These pins 22 are providedto engage the spool 23 carrying the roll of sensitive film to beexposed. In the drawings this film is indicated at 24.

. .The shaft 21 has journal bearings in the wall 17 and projects to theother side thereof where it carries a ratchet disk 25 (Fig. 2)' havmgteeth arranged to prevent the rotat1on of the shaft in a direction whichwould permit the winding up of the sensitive film on the spool carriedby said shaft, and this shaft also carrles another ratchet wheel 26havlng teeth arranged to prevent the rotation of the shaft and the spoolcarried there- 32 fast at 33 to the body of the pawl 28. This dog 30 ismovable about its pivot on the body of the pawl 28 by any forcesufficiently.

great to overcome the tension of the spring 32. The pawl 28 also carriesa tooth 34 arranged to engage with the teeth of the ratchet disk 26under conditions which will.

tooth 34 out of engagement with the'teeth of the .ratchetdisk 26 theshaft 21 and the spool 23 carried thereby are free to be ro-' tated inone'direction, which will be that permitting the film 24 to be unrolledfrom the spool 23. If, however, the pawl 28 be depressed against theaction of the spring 35 until the tooth 34 engagesthe teeth of theratchet disk 26, the shaft-21 and the spool 23 thereon will then belocked against rotation in either direction.

The carrier for the receiving spool for the film consists of aSubstantially cylindrical housing 36 having-one end open and the 4 otherclosed by a plate 37. This housing carries axially through it a shaft 38provided with a head 39' (Fig. 5) adjacent to the end plate 37, and thishead 39 is provided with pins 40 for engagement with one end of thereceiving spool, indicated at'41. The shaft 38 is journaled in the endplate 37 by means of the hub of a ratchet disk 42 arranged on theoutside'of the plate 37 and engaged by aspring pawl 43. Exterior to theratchet disk 42 and loose upon the shaft 38 is a ratchet pinion 44, andfast upon this pinion 44 is a gear pinion 45, the function of which willbe hereinafter referred o. The ratchet disk 42 carries near itsperiphery a spring member 46 of substantially circular contour andseparately shown in Fig. 7. This spring member is discontinuous; thatis, it has two contiguous but separated ends 47 and 48. Diametricallyopposite these ends'the spring is formedwith a stud 49 by whichit issecured to the ratchet disk 42, and at a point about midway between thestud 49 and the end 48 of thespring is another stud 50 by which thespring is also secured to the ratchet'disk 42.

Fast upon the ratchet disk 42 at a point midway between the ends 47 and48 of the spring'is pivoted a dog 51 having oppositely-extending wings52 and a tooth 53 projectin into the path of the teeth of the ratchetpinion 44. The spring ends 47 and 48 engage the wings 52 and normallyhold the dog 51 with its tooth 53 in engagement between twoteeth of theratchet pinion 44. It will be seen that a force tending to move thepinion 44 in one direction will be opposed by the spring end 47, and aforce tending to rota the ratchet pinion 44 in the other directlon willbe opposed by thespring end 48. Now, the two spring members are of thesame thickness but ofdiiferent lengths since one extends from the stud49 to the end 47 and the other from the stud 50 to the end 48.Consequently, the spring member terminating in the end 48 is much Tstiffer or stronger than the spring member terminating in the end 47,and a materially greater force must be applied to the pinion 44 toovercome the spring member terminating in the end 48 than would benecessary to overcome the force of the spring member be observed thatterminating in the end 47. The purpose of ,all this will hereinafterappear.

Returning now to thehousing 36, it will it has a side extension throughwhich there is a longitudinal slot from the plate 37 to the other end ofthe housing, and one edge of this slot is provided with a downwardlyextending lip 54,

, of the housing along the slot formed in the side extension thereof.This roller 56 serves as a gulde for the film 24 coming from the lowerspool over the rod 19, thence past the flange 18 into the housing 36through the longitudinal slot therein and over the roller 56 and finallyon to the receiving spool 41; The front or open end of the housing 36 isnormally closed by a cap 58 (Figs. 1 and 4) I having a di'ametric tongueor flange 59 formed thereon and through which the shaft 38 extends,being there formed with' a slot 60 for the application of a',winding keyby which the protecting paper, which extends beyond the end of the film,is wound upon the receiving spool to protect the film when removed fromthe housing 36.

The flange 59 is adapted to engage in and move along a longitudinal slot61 formed in the interior wall of the corresponding side of the casing1, and the interior wall of the other side of the casing 1 is providedwith two longitudinal slots 62 and 63. Within the slot 62 is disposed arod 64 fast at its lower end in two cars 65 (Fig. 5) formed on orsecured to the opposite sides of the housing 36 so that the rod 64,which is reduced at the end passing through the ears 65, may have arotative movement in these ears 65 but is prevented from longitudinalmovement therein by a shoulder formed above the upper ear'65 and by acollar 66 below the lower ear 65.- Above the'upper ear 65 the rod 64carries a finger 67, the outer end of which is fast to one end of aspring 68 secured at its other end by a pin 69 to the housing 36. Theupper end of the rod 64 extends through the top of the casing and isthere provided with a manipulating knob 70, and at a point just abovethe finger 67 and at another point just below the top of the casing 1,when the rod is in the position shownin Fig. 3, this rod is rovided witha notch 71. Fast on the un or side of the top wall of the casing 1 thereis a spring catch 72 arranged to engage one or the other of the notches71.

On the inner face of the casingadjacent to the longitudinal groove 62there is secured a rack bar 73 extending approximately the entire lengthof the interior of the casing from the top to the bottom. Near each.

end this rack bar is slotted, as indicated at 74 (Fig. 3) and screws orother fastening means 75 serve ,to hold this rack bar against the sideof the casing but permit a longitudinal movement'thereof determined bythe length of the slots 74. The teeth of the rack bar are in engagementwith the gear pinion 45 carried upon the shaft 88, upon which latter isplaced the receiving spool 41. Now, whenthe knob 70 of the rod 64 isgrasped and the latter is given a slight ro- I tative movement againstthe action of the spring 68, the ndtch 71 is carried away from thespring catch 72 andthe rod is then free to be pulled longitudinallyupward out of the casing 1. Such manipulation of the rod will cause thehousing 36, and the parts therein, to be lifted from its normalposition, which is in the lower portion of the casing above the supportor housing for the film spool 23, upward toward the top of the casinguntil the latter point is reached, when the lower notch 71 will beengaged by the spring catch 72 and the spool carrier will then be lockedin this position, the rod 64 in the meantime having been released to theaction of the spring 68 and the notch 71 being thereby brought into thepath of the said spring catch 72.

When the receiving spool carrier is elevated the gear pinion 45is'rotated upon the shaft 38, but since the pawl 43 engaging the ratchetdisk 42 prevents rotation of the latter and therefore of the shaft 38,the receiving spool 41 is not permitted to rotate, and, consequently,the ratchet pinion 44 being fast to the pinion 45 must rotate relativeto the ratchet disk 42. This is permitted because the rotation of theratchet pinion 44 is opposed only by the dog 51 which is Held by theaction of the weaker member of the spring 46. However, the lower spool,carrying the unexposed film, is free to be rotated by the pull exertedby the upper spool through the film 24, which latter, it will beunderstood, has been attached to the upper spool in the usual mannerwhen the spool carrier was first loaded. The frictional contact of thespools has been suflicient during this manipulation to hold a filmsufliciently plane surface in the focal plane of the lens.

Seatedv in the longitudinal groove 63 is another rod 76 having its upperend extending through the top of the casing and there provided with 'aknob 77. The lower end of this rod is reduced, as indicated at 78, (Fig.2) and extends through cars 79 formed on the outer face of the end plate17 of the casing supporting the charged roll. The reduced end 78 of therod extends below the lower ear 7 9 and its extreme lower end is formedwith a head 80 normally located in a seat 81 formed on the bottom wallof the casing. Between the head 80 and the lower car 79 the reduced'end78 of the rod is surrounded by a helical spring 82. The 11P' per car 79is formed withja slot 83 (Fig 4) leading off from the passage throughwhich the rod 76 extends, and this rod 76 is provided with a pin 84projecting from one side thereof and so located that 'it may passthrough the slot 83 when coincident therewith but is below the ear 7 9when the larger portion of the rod 76 isseated thereon.

This rod 76 may be rotated axially and this i axial rotation will bringthe pin 84 under the car 79 and thus lock the rod to the lower spoolcarrier. Y

The rod 76'is provided with a series of notches 85 one of which, whenthe rod is in its lowermost position, is engaged by a catch 86 similarto the catch 72 and located adjacent thereto. The next notch 85 islocated below the upper notch 85 and is displaced circumferentially withrelation thereto, and the next two notches 85 are appropriately locatedbelow the other notches and are, in turn, circumferentially placed withrelation thereto.

It has already been stated that the rack 73 has a certain amount oflongitudinal move ment within the'casing. Now, when theupper spoolcarrier is lifted toward the top of the casing it first carries the rackbar upward as far as permitted by the length of the slots 74 or by theengagement of the upper end, of the rack bar with the under face of thetop of the casing. Upon the rack bar are a number of pins 87-88. The pin87 is lowermost and may, if desired, be of heavier construction than theother pins. All these pins are in the path of the dog 30 of the pawl 28and when the rack bar'is in its-lowermost position the pin 87 engagesthesdog 30 and depresses the .pawl 28 around its pivot 29 until thetooth 34 engages one of the teeth of the ratchet disk 26,thus-hold ingthe charged spool of unexposed film against rotation in eitherdirection. Now,

.when the upper spool carrier, is lifted this the charged spool may thenbe rotated in a direction to draw the film from it. Now, when the upperspool carrier is in its lowermost position it bears upon and depressesthe lower spool lcarrier against the action of thespring 82, in" whichcase the pin 84 is passed through the slot 83 and stands some distanceabove the upper ear 7 9, When the upper spool carrier has been lifted asbefore described the lower spool carrier follows it for a distance,being elevated bythe spring 82 and then finally stopped by the shoulderformed between the reduced portion 7 8' and the main portion of the rod76, the pin 84 having then again passed through the slot- 83 and restingbelow the ear 79.

Having elevated the upper spool carrler as before described and havingexposed the stretched film to the action of the light.

coming through the lens, the rod 64 is again depressed, being firstslightly turned to release it from the catch 72. The first result ofthis movement is to depress the rack 73 until stopped by the screws orfastening devices 75, when the pin 87 will have engaged the dog 30 andthe tooth 34 is brought into contact withone of the teeth of the ratchetdisk 26 thus locking the charged film spoolv against rotation. The gearpinion 45 now rotates because of its movement along the rack bar 73 andthrough the ratchet pinion 44 and dog 51 this gear pinion 45 is lockedto the ratchet disk 42 by the stronger member of the spring 46, and asrotation of the film-receiving spool is not opposed by the pawl 43 andratchet disk 42, this spool is rotated in a direction to wind thereonthe section of the film that has been exposed. But since the film iswinding on a surface of constantly increasing radius, it is being woundon the spool at a faster rate than the spool is being moved dpwnward.This quickly takes up the slack in the film produced by theslightdownward movement of the rack and ultimately the film is put undersuch tension as to overcome the stress of the shorter end of the spring46 and the dog 51 will slipover one or more teeth of. the ratchet pinion44, thus preventing too great a strain from being brought to bear uponthe film. f

When the upper spool 'carrler was first lifted the lower spool carrierwas elevated as before described. The. purpose'of thls initial elevationof the lower spool carrier is to bring the flange 18 with itsupper edgecoincidentwith the lower margin of the light image so' that it acts as alight shield 1 and the film,is "not afiected by image below this point,and, consequently, the film is not wasted. The upper lim t of theexposed portion of the film is determined the light by the lip '55before referred to, formed on Y the housing 36 and similarly acting as alight shield, f

The'parts are so proportioned and the movements so regulated that theexposed portion of the film will not be greater than the amount drawnfrom the charged roll at each upward movement of the upper spoolcarrier. It will be noticed that the lip 55 and flange 18 overlap whenthe spool carriers are adjacent. This permits a more compact arrangementof the spool carriers when adjacent.

It is sometimes desirable to expose a less length of film than would benecessary to include the full field of the lens or 'the maximumsize ofpicture for which the camera s designed. For this purpose the rod 76 isprovided and by giving it a slight axial turn, suflicient to unlock itfrom the catch 86 and which at the same time will carry the pin 84 underthe ear 79, this rod may be lifted and with it the lower spool carrieruntil the second, third or fourth notch 85 is engaged by the catch 86,and the notch 85 to be engaged. by the catch 86 is determlned by theextent of axial movement given to the rod 76. --Thi s upward movement ofthe spool carrier is opposed by the dog 30 on the pawl 28 engaging thefirst pin 87 on the rack 73, but the dog 30 gives to a force superior tothat of the spring 32 and will ride under the pin 87 and be moved intothe path of one or the other of the pins 88,

- according to the height to which the spool carrier has been elevated.It will thus be seen that when the lower spool carrier is in one of thedesired'elevated positions, the upper spool carrier will have beencarried with it a more elevated starting point for its individual traveland will have less range of vertical movement and only so much of thefilm will be exposed each time as will correspond to theposition of thelower spool carrier with relation to the upper spool carrier, and thusthe user is enabled to make a number of short-length picturesinterspersed with the regular length pictures, or may make a greaternumber of short-length pictures than full-lengthpictures, all with- Iout wasting any of the film.

It will now be seen that the plate 11 before referred to is"introducedto form an abutment or shoulder for the ground-glass frame and at thesame time prevents any engagement therewith of the rack 73. It will alsobe seen that there is a short length of film between the two spoolcarriers when the latter are in close relation and the easing 1 may beperforated opposite this point and this perforation may be closed by asmall piece of appropriate non-actinic glass 89, or other transparentmedium, whereby a peep opening is provided so that the user mayascertain how many portions of the film I have been used and how muchremains.

Since the housing 36 is practically cylinshould be flat and in line withthe surface of the dropfront 2 in order that the bellows and front boardof the camera may be contained therein, this housing 36 is provided withaflat supplemental cover 90 which may be made in one piece with orsuitably connected to the cylindrical portion of the housing 86, andwithin this portion 90 the spring 68 and finger 67 maybe contained.

The roll holder forming the subject of the present invention has beenillustrated in connection with a folding camera which may be consideredas of the pocket type, but it is to be understood that the bellows andlens for the charged spool, and means for moving the carrier for thechargedspool for a limited distance toward the carrier for the receivingspool during the initial period of its movement away from the chargedspool carrier.

2. In a roll holder for photographic cameras, a carrier for a chargedspool of photographic film, another carrier for a spool for receivingthe exposed photographic film,

means for moving the receiving spool carrier away from the-charged spoolcarrier to draw the film from the latter, means for moving the chargedspool carrier with the receiving spoo carrier for a limited'distanceduring the initial movement of the latter, means for moving thereceiving spool carrier toward the charged spool carrier, and

.means for causing the rotation of the receiving spool during themovement of its carrier toward the charged spool carrier.

3. In a roll holder for photographic cameras, a carrier for a chargedspool of photographic sensitive film, a' rotatable shaft or spindletherein for the charged spool of film,

a pawl-and-ratchet detent in normal engagement for preventing therotation of the shaft except in one direction, another ratchet carriedby the shaft, a pawl normally out of engagement therewith but coactingwith the ratchet to prevent movement thereof when in engagement, anotherspool carrier having a pawl and ratchet detent for preventing rotationofthe spool except in one direction, a gear inion thereon, meansconnecting the gear pinion to the spool support for causing the rotationof the latter, and a rack engaged. by the pinion and having alimited'range of longitudinal movement said rack being provided with astop positioned to engage and move the normally inactive pawl intoengagement with the locking ratchet on the charged spool shaft.

4. In a roll holder for photographic cameras, a carrier for a chargedspool of photographic film, another carrier for the receiving spool fortheexposed film, means'for moving the carrier for the receiving spoolaway fromand toward the carrier for the charged spool, a rack, a gearpinion on the carrierfor the receiving spool meshing with the saidrack,a ratchet plnion'fast on said gear pinion, a pawl engaging said ratchet1 pinion and yielding in both directions but 5 to unequal forces, and apawl-and-ratchet detent for the receiving spool carrier permitting itsrotative movement in but one direction. a

5. In a roll carrier for photographic cameras, a receiving spool supportcomprising a suitable casing or housing, a shaft there in, apawl-and-ratchet 'detent fast on the shaft, a gear pinion and a ratchetpinion connected together and loose on the shaft, a pivoted pawl or dogengaging the ratchet pinion and movable in either direction about itspivot, springs. of unequal strength engaging said pawl or dog, and a,relatively fixed rack bar engaging said gear pinion. I

6. In a roll holder for photographic cameras, a carrier for a chargedspool of photographic sensitive film comprising a suitablejcase orhousing, a shaft in said case or housing for the reception ofthe-charged spool, a pawl-and-ratchet detentfor said shaft permitting itto move in one direction only, another pawl-and-ratchet detent, on thespool carrying shaft normallyoutof engagement, and meansfor moving thislast- 40 named pawl into engagement with its ratchet. I I 7. In a rollholder for photographiccameras, a relatively fixed carrier for;a chargedspool of sensitive photographic film, another carrier for a receivingspool for the exposed film and movable away from and toward the carrierfor the charged spool, means for moving the carrier for the receivingspool comprising a rod connected to said carrier and arranged to berotated on its longitudinal axis and also moved longitudinally, and alock for holding the rod at the extreme limit ofits travel in eachdirection. p 8; 1 In a roll holder for photographic. cameras, a suitablecasing, -a support for a said casing, another support for a receivingspool for'the exposed film and movable within the casing away from andtoward the support for the charged spool through the full range oftravel provided, and means 'for moving the support for the charged spoolto ,f any one .of a number of predetermined positions toward the supportfor the receiving spool and there locking it.

charged spool of photographic film within 9. In a roll holder forphotographic cameras, a carrier for a charged spool of sensitivephotographic film, a rotatable shaft on said carrier for receiving thecharged spool,

a pawl-and-ratchet detent for the shaft locking it against movementexcept in one d1rection, a normally disengaged pawl-and-' ratchet detentfor locking the shaft against movement in the otherdirection, anothercarrier for a spool for receiving the exposed film and movable away fromand toward the first-mentioned carrier, a shaft on the re-. ceivingspool carrier for the said spool, a paWl-and-ratchet 'detent for holdingsaid spool against rotative movement except in one direction, a pawlcarried by the rotative element of the detentand under the control ofsprings of different strength, a ratchet pinion loose'on the shaft andunder the control of said pawl, a gear pinion fast to said ratchetpinion, a rack bar meshing with said gear pinion and having a limitedlongitudinal movement relative thereto, and means on the rack bar forengaging the normally .inactive pawl on the carrier for the charged spoo10. In a roll holderv for-photographic cameras, a suitable casing, acarrier for a I charged spool of photographic film mounted in saidcasing, another carrierfor a spool '95 to receive the filmafterexposure, also 'mountedin said casing, means for moving the last-namedcarrier within the casing away from and toward the first-named carrierto the full extent of travel provided, means for moving the carrier forthe charged spool :toward the'carrier for the receiving spool, and alight-excluding means on the carrier for the charged spool adjacent tothe film after leaving the charged spool and movable with said carrierfor the charged spool into the .field of light coming from the cameralens. 11. A roll holder for photographic cameras comprising a suitablecasing coextensive with the largest sized image to be impressed upon thephotographic film and having an extension or pocket to one side of saidimage area, a carrier or support for a charged spoolof photographic filmlocated in said pocket,

another carrier for a receiving spool for the exposed film movableacross the field of'the camera and locked against rotative movement todraw the sensitive film from the charged spool, and means for returningthe 12 I thereon.

casing respectively for rotating the receiving movable to difierentpositions -in the focal planeof the camera and a receiving carrier abletogether in the same direction in the and \a receiving carrier for anexposed roll together in the same direction, means for halting the.feeding carrier at a predeterpensating the receiving spool for theincally rotating the receiving roll by a. reverse movement of thecarrier toward the feed roll and a receiving carrier for an exposed roll40" ing its movement toward-the other, and a yielding element in saidactuating means permitting the receiving spool to rest when the vfilm iscompletely wound up for comcreased diameter of the roll of film taken13. In a roll holder for photographic cameras, the combination with acasing of a feeding carrier for a charged roll of film, a receivingcarrier for the exposed roll, means for moving the receiving carrierrelatively. to the casing and away from the feed carrier, means forholding the receiving ran against rotation during such movementandcotiperating elements on the receiving carrier and roll by a reversemovement of the carrier toward the feed roll carrier;

14. In a roll holder for photographic cameras, a feeding carrier for acharged roll of film, a receiving carrier for the exposed jroll,

ing the receiving roll against rotation dur-' 1ng such movement andmeans for automatl carrier and simultaneously locking the latter. 15.'The combination-with a camera, of a feedingcarrier for a charged roll offilm for an exposedroll of film movable rela tively to and independentlyof the carrier for the charged roll.

16. .The combination with a camera, of a feeding carrier for a chargedroll of film of film, one of said carriers being movable relatively tothe other-and both being movfocal plane of the camera,

17. The combination with a" camera, of feeding carrier for a chargedroll of film and a receiving carrier for an exposed roll of film, meansforimovihg thefeeding carrier to* different positions in the focal planeof the camera and means. ;for .movingthe receiving carrier relatively a)and independently of the feed'in'g carrie 18. The combination with acamera, of a feeding carrier for a charged roll of film of film, meansfor moving one of saidcarriers relatively to the other-and means for,moving both together in the same directionv in the focal plane of thecamera. v

19. In a roll holder, the combination with a feedingcarrier for acharged roll of film and a receiving carrier for an exposed roll offilm, of means for moving both carriers mined point 'and means forcontinuing the movement of the receiving carrier relatively to thefeeding carrier.

20. In a roll holder, the combination with a feeding carrier for acharged rollof film and a receiving carrier for an exposed roll of film,of means for moving both carriers together in the same direction andmeans for advancing the receiving carrier beyond the other at apredetermined point in their joint movement. 5

21. In a roll holder for photographic cameras, the combination with tworelatively movable carriers for a feeding roll of charged film and areceiving roll of exposed film, respectively, of means for looking the.feeding roll as the carriers are moved together, means for locking thereceiving roll against rotation as the carriers are moved apart andmeans'for taking up the exposed film by moving the carriers together forautomatically releasing the feed-' ing roll when the carriers are movedapart.

22. In a troll holder for photographic cameras, the combination with acasing or container, of a feeding carrier for a charged roll of film anda receiving carrier for the exposed roll, both arranged within theeasing, means for moving the receiving carrier relatively to the casingaway from the feed carrier, means for holding the receiving roll againstrotation during such movement and means for automaticallyrotating thereceiving roll during a reversemov'ement of the carriertoward the feedroll carrier.

23. In a roll holder for photographic cameras, the combination with acasing or container, of a feeding carrier for a charged roll of film, areceiving carrier for the exposed roll, means for moving one carrierrelatively to the'casing and away from the other to stretch a portion ofthe fihn for exposure and a rack bar and pinion on the rea ce1vingcarriemand casing, respectively for automatically rotating the receiving'roll to wind the stretch of film thereon during a reverse movement ofsaid carrier toward the other. I

24. In a rollholder, the combination with afeeding carrier for a chargedroll of film and a receiving carrier for the exposed roll, of means formoving both carriers together in the' same direction, means for holdingone carrier at a predetermined point and means for continuing themovement of the other relatively to. and independently of the first.

25. The combination with'a camera-comprising a'casing and a lens front,of afeeding carrier for a charged roll'of film and a receiving carrierfor the exposed roll both relatively thereto and to each other, thecamera front being movable to a folded position within the casing in theplane of movement of one of the carriers.

26. The combination with a camera comprising a casing and a lens front,of a feeding carrier for a .charged roll of film and a receiving carrierfor the exposed roll, both arranged within the casing, and means formoving one carrier toward and from the other to stretch successive areasof film in the focal plane of the camera, the camera front being movableto a folded position within thecasing in the path of the movable carrierwit-h the latter between it and the other carrier.

27. The combination with a camera, of a carrier for a charged roll offilm and a second carrier for the exposed roll, both arranged within thecamera casing and hav-' ing inoperative positions adjacent each other atone sideof the cone of light projected by the camera-lens, of means formoving one carrier relatively to the other across the focalv plane ofthe camera to stretch an area offilm therein; and means forautomatically projecting the other carrier to a position adjacent to,the cone of light with the initial movement of the first. v 28; Thecombination with a camera, of a carrier for a charged rollof film and a'second carrier for the exposed roll, both arranged within the cameracasing and havcameras, the'combination with a casing, of

a feeding carrier for a charged roll of film and a receiving-carrier forthe exposed film, one of said carriers being adjustable to dif ferentset positions relatively to the other and the latter being movabletoward and from'the first to' stretch successive film areas, ofdifferent magnitude in the focal plane-of the camera, and an actuatingmember foroperating the adjustable carrier, and on which the latter ismovable to one of its set positions. a

30. In a roll holder for photographic cameras, the combination with acasing, of V a feeding carrier fora charged rollof film and a receivingcarrier, for the exposed film, one of said carriers being a-djustable todifferent set positions relatively to the other and the latter beingmovable toward and from the first to stretch successive film areas ofdifferent magnitude in the focal plane of the camera, an actuatingmember for operating the adjustable carrier and on which the latter ismovable to one of its set positions, means for locking the actuatingmemher to the casing, and means for locking the adjustable carrier onits actuating member.

.31. In a roll holder for photographic cameras, the combination with -acasing, of a feeding carrier for a charged roll of film and a receivingcarrier for the exposed film, one of said carriers being adjustable todifferent set positions relatively to the other and the latter beingmovable toward and from the first to stretch successive film areas ofdifferent .magnitude in the focal plane of the camera, an actuatingmember for operating the adjustable carrier and onwhich the latter ismovable to one of its set positions,-means for locking the actuatingmem-' .ber to the casing, and means for locking the adjustable carrieron its actuating member when moved thereon to the said set position,simultaneously with the release of the locking means between theactuating memher and casing.

32. In a roll holder for photographic" cameras, the combination with afeed carrler for a charged roll of film and a receiv-Y mg carrier forthe exposed roll, one of said carriers being movable toward and from theother, of means for locking the receivingroll during the movement of themovable carrier away from the ,other tostretch an area of film in thefocal plane of the camera, mechanism for automatically rotatingthereceiving roll during a reverse'movement to take up the exposed film andmeans oper-, ated by the initial reverse movement of the movable carrierfor locking the feed roll against unwinding. I

33. In a roll holder for photographic cameras, the 'combinationwith afeed carrier for a'charged roll of film and a receiving carrier for theexposed roll, one of said carriers being movable toward and from theother, of means for looking. the receiving roll during the movement ofthe movable carrier away from the other to stretch an area of film inthe focal plane of the camera, mechanism for automatically rotating the.receiving roll during a reverse movement to take up the exposed film andmeans operated by the initial reverse movement of the movable carrierthrough the medium of the feed roll rotating mechanism for locking thefeed roll against unwinding.

34. In a roll holder for photographic cameras, the combination. with afeed carrier for a'charged roll of film and a receiving carrier for the.exposed roll movable to- {ward the feed roll comprising a rack barhaving .a limited movement and atoothed member on the receiving rollcarrier meshing therewith and means for locking the feed r011 during thereverse movement of the receiving r011 operated by the limited movementof the rack bar under the influence of thetoothed member on thereceiving carrier during the initial part of its reverse movement.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto affixedmy signature 10 Witnesses:

E. G. KERR, T. H. WIQKS.

